A stretch of land 100 feet long that rises three feet in elevation has a slope of 3% (3/100). Simply stated, slope is measured as rise over run.
For example, within the five counties of southeastern Pennsylvania that are part of the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission, only a handful of municipalities-mostly boroughs-did not zone for steep slopes as of 2019.
Many municipalities throughout Pennsylvania have some form of steep slope ordinance provisions. (Zoning regulations enable a municipality to limit land uses to those compatible with the slopes and are usually more difficult to circumvent than SALDO requirements.) This guide focuses on regulating steep slopes via a zoning ordinance, because this strategy generally is the most effective at ensuring that development respects the constraints and issues presented by these slopes. Tools employed at the municipal level to regulate steep slopes include zoning ordinances and subdivision and land development ordinances (SALDO). The Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code (MPC) specifically describes steep slopes and grades as natural features that qualify for protection through municipal regulation. Furthermore, extensive earthwork or removal of vegetation on steep slopes can transform scenic views into eyesores. When disturbed, steep slopes are highly susceptible to erosion, landslides, and subsidence, which-in addition to constraining development and resource extraction-can endanger the public, degrade water quality, and damage structures.
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